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Objectives To explore and compare the clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality between patients with artificial quartz stone silicosis and those with classic silicosis. Methods A total of 48 patients with artificial quartz stone silicosis (experiment group) and 98 patients with classic silicosis (control group) were recruited as the research subjects using the convenience sampling method. Data of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and pulmonary pathology of the research subjects were retrospectively analyzed. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors on the survival time of silicosis patients. Results Patients in the experiment group had shorter years of dust exposure, latency period and time since last exposure than those in the control group (all P<0.01). The positive rate of anti-nuclear antibodies and the expression of neuron-specific enolase in the experiment group were higher than those in the control group (39.6% vs 10.2%, median： 28.44 vs 16.25, both P<0.01). The PaO2 levels in the experiment group were lower than those in the control group (median： 66.0 vs 89.0, P<0.01). The patients in the experiment group had lower vital capacity, inspiratory reserve volume, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity compared to the control group (all P<0.05), but the maximal expiratory flow in 75% vital capacity was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, patients in the experiment group had the presence of ground-glass opacity (GGO) in both lungs, aggregation and fusion of subpleural nodules, and gradual formation of progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), with higher potential of pneumothorax. Within 5 years after diagnosis, the mortality of patients in the experiment group was higher than that in the control group (27.1% vs 4.1%, P<0.01). The Cox regression model analysis results showed that patients with nodule aggregation on lung HRCT images had a higher risk of mortality than those without nodule aggregation, and lower lung function including vital capacity, FVC, FEV1 and maximum expiratory flow in 25% vital capacity had higher risk of reduced survival time (all P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with patients with classic silicosis, patients with artificial quartz stone silicosis have higher level of serum neuron-specific enolase, increasing the risk of autoimmune diseases. Pulmonary imaging features in patients with artificial quartz stone silicosis include GGO, PMF and susceptibility to pneumothorax, and rare calcification of mediastinal lymph nodes, leading to a higher mortality rate within 5 years after diagnosis.
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More and more studies have been focusing on marginal donor livers, such as steatotic liver grafts, to alleviate donor shortage and reduce mortality from waiting lists. Poor tolerance of streatotic liver grafts often leads to primary graft nonfunction, early dysfunction, and postoperative vascular and biliary complications. Some studies have shown that moderate and severe macrosteatosis livers can be used for transplantation with rigorous selection of recipients. In this paper, techniques such as venous systemic oxygenated persufflation, hypothermic oxygenated perfusion, subnormothermic machine perfusion, normothermic machine perfusion, improved liver quality, and steatotic liver grafts transplantation were discussed.
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Gambia is the smallest country in West Africa and it has contributed to the academic world over the past decades. This study characterized document type, language, publication trend, subject category, international collaboration of Gambia publications during 1900-2016 based on Science Citation Index Expanded in Web of Science. Results showed that Gambia is highly reliant on foreign and international collaboration in research, especially with the UK and USA. International collaboration was responsible for the increasing scientific production and scientific impact of Gambia over the years. Medical Research Council (MRC) contributed the most Gambia publications, and played an important role in conducting international collaboration. Most of Gambia publications focused on tropical medicine, environmental and occupational public health, immunology and infectious diseases. Gambia has attracted increasing attention from the academic world, with improving scientific production and scientific impact, signalling more prestige in the scientific community. With the information and insights provided in this paper, we managed to obtain a quick overview of Gambia publications that can help make strategic decisions for researchers and governors of scientific research.
Gambia es el país más pequeño de África occidental, pero ha contribuido con el mundo académico en las décadas pasadas. Este estudio caracteriza tipos de documentos, idioma, tendencias de publicación, temas y colaboración internacional de las publicaciones de Gambia entre 1900 y 2016, con base en el Science Citation Index Expanded en Web of Science. Los resultados indican que Gambia depende en gran medida de la colaboración internacional para publicar, principalmente del Reino Unido y EE.UU. Esta colaboración explica el aumento de la producción científica y el impacto científico de Gambia en los últimos años. El Medical Research Council (MRC) publicó el mayor número de artículos y ha cumplido una función importante en la colaboración internacional. La mayoría de publicaciones de Gambia se enfocan en medicina tropical, salud pública ambiental y ocupacional, inmunología y enfermedades contagiosas. Con la información y las observaciones de este artículo obtenemos una rápida visión general de las publicaciones de Gambia, que puede ayudar a investigadores y administradores a tomar decisiones estratégicas.
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Objective: To explore the effects of recombinant human calcineurin B (rhCNB) on hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Methods: An in vivo mouse model with hepatocellular carcinoma was established, and the mice were randomized into the rhCNB, positive control and vehicle treatments groups. Tumor growth was assessed via bioluminescence using a small animal imaging system. Relative tumor proliferation rate and tumor growth inhibition were calculated. The expression of p53 and caspase-9 proteins in tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, flow cytometry was used to quantify the cell-cycle stages and rate of apoptosis. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR assays were used to evaluate the effects of rhCNB on protein and gene expression of CDK1, cyclin B1, p53 and caspase-9. Results: rhCNB at the higher dose significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo and caused tumor cell apoptosis in vitro. The rhCNB at the higher dose was as effective as cisplatin, and was safer. Conclusions: rhCNB has potent pro-apoptotic effects on tumor cells in vivo and in vitro and is well tolerated in vivo.
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OBJECTIVE: A multicenter survey is conducted to study the application,the long-term effect and safety of hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)in the treatment of rheumatic diseases in Suzhou. METHODS: Retrospectively collect the data of outpatients and inpatients from Rheumatology Department of four general hospitals in Suzhou(the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, and Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Kunshan, the First People's Hospital of Changshu)from June 2017 to July 2018. A special questionnaire was used to collect data on general information, diagnosis, methods and courses in the use of hydroxychloro-quine, duration, efficacy and compliance, combined medication, adverse reactions of ophthalmology and other systems, and the use of hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)during pregnancy.Result Totally there were 856 cases, including 68 males(7.9%)and 788 females(92.1%).Classification of diseases: 147 cases of RA(including secondary SS of RA), 425 cases of SLE,12 cases of APS, 167 cases of PSS,104 cases of others, and 1 case of overlap syndrome(RA with SLE)The treatment course of HCQ: minimum 0.5 years, maximum 22.75 years, with an average of 3.59(SD=3.08)years.Dosage: 0.2 g/day in 604 cases, 0.4 g/day in 424 cases, 193 cases of using 0.4 and 0.2 successively, and 21 in other cases;721 cases used continuously. There were adverse reactions in 183 cases(7 males and 176 females), which were distributed in 30 cases of RA, 105 cases of SLE, 2 cases of APS, 31 cases of SS and 15 other cases. Ophthalmological adverse reactions occurred in 70 cases, with positive correlation in 4 cases. Ophthalmological examination: 121 cases(14.1%)every year;68 cases(7.9%)every two years. There were 92 cases of adverse skin reactions, with 8 cases of positive correlation. Other systems had few adverse reactions and there was no positive correlation. Continuous medication, combination of anti-rheumatic drugs and adverse reactions were associated, and continuous medication or combination of anti-rheumatic drugs were significantly associated with adverse reactions in ophthalmology and skin, respectively. The adverse reactions of ophthalmology were related to the course of treatment, and the adverse reactions of fundus increased after taking medicine for more than 7 years.There were 37 pregnancies and HCQ was used in 17 cases throughout pregnancy, and only 1 case had non-drug-related neonatal defects. CONCLUSION: HCQ is mainly used in the treatment of SLE, SS, RA and APS in Rheumatology Department in Suzhou. HCQ medication is standardized, but ophthalmic follow-up monitoring is not. Adverse reactions are mainly in skin and ophthalmology. Continuous medication and combination of antirheumatic drugs are associated factors of adverse reactions.Long-term treatment with HCQ is safe and well-toleratrd.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of vena cava-atrium anastomosis liver transplantation (VCAALT) for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods The retrospective descriptive study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 18 BCS patients who underwent VCAALT in the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (6 cases),the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (8 cases) and Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (4 cases) from May 1996 to December 2012 were collected.All the 18 patients were males,aged from 29 to 61 years,with an average age of 42 years.According to characteristics and invasion extent of hepatic vein and vena cava after preoperative examinations,patients were performed different surgical procedures of VCAALT,including bridge piggyback liver transplantation (BPBLT),hanging atrium liver transplantation (HALT) and cava vena resection bridge liver transplantation (CVRBLT).Observation indicators:(1) surgical and postoperative situations;(2) typical case analysis;(3) follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect patients' survival up to December 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD and measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Results (1) Surgical and postoperative situations:of 18 patients,11 underwent BPBLT,3 underwent HALT,4 underwent CVRBLT.The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (6.0± 1.3)hours and (1 264±435)mL.One patient died of bilateral pulmonary diffuse inflammation and sepsis due to severe infection.The duration of postoperative hospital stay was (18±5) days.(2) Typical case analysis:one 47-year-old male BCS patient was detected retrohepatic vena cava plaques and thrombus and hepatic venous thrombus by exploratory laparotomy,and underwent BPBLT.A 43-year-old male BCS patient was detected hepatic and retrohepatic vena cava plaques,thrombus,concomitant cavernous transformation,and underwent HALT.A 32-year-old male BCS patient was detected plaques and thrombus with red thrombus in the hepatic vein,from right renal vein to right atrium,and underwent CVRBLT.All the 3 patients underwent VCAALT successfully with a satisfactory recovery.(3) Followup situations:18 patients were followed up for 3.0-60.0 months,with a median time of 51.7 months.During the follow-up,3 patients died of acute rejection,biliary complications and chronic graft dysfunction at 1,3,5 years postoperatively.The 1-,3-,5-year survival rates were 16/18,15/18,14/18,respectively.Conclusion Different surgical procedures of VCAALT for BCS are selected according to different situations of patients,which are safe and feasible with a satisfactory efficacy and beneficial to long-term survival of patients.
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Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was first implemented by Starzl in 1963.With the development of liver transplantation,Tzaris was the first to report piggyback liver transplantation (PBLT) in 1989.The fundamental difference between OLT and PBLT:end to end vascular anastomosis between the donor and recipient is performed after diseased liver resection with the posthepatic inferior vena cava in OLT,while PBLT is to preserve the recipient's hepatic vein and end to end vascular anastomosis between interior vena cava of donor and shaped hepatic vein is performed.However in the clinical practice,the above two techniques cannot meet the needs of clinical liver transplantation technology.Since 1993 the author has implemented a series of improvements in liver transplantation technology based on PBLT and performed ameliorated piggyback liver transplantation (APBLT).This article focuses on the technical characteristics and clinical application of APBLT.
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Objective:To observe the effect of 3 Hz and 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on upper limb motor function and activities of daily living in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods:From June, 2016 to September, 2017, 60 inpatients with ischemic stroke were randomly divided into sham rTMS group (n = 19), 3 Hz-rTMS group (n = 21) and 10 Hz-rTMS group (n = 20). All the patients received routine training and their own rTMS for two weeks. Their rest motor threshold (RMT) was measured, and they were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment, and at six weeks follow-up. Results:There were 48 patients completing the trial, while five in 3 Hz-rTMS group, five in 10 Hz-rTMS group and two in the sham rTMS group dropped. The RMT increased in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups (t > 2.390, P < 0.05) after treatment, but there was no significantly difference among the three groups (F = 0.164, P > 0.05). The MAS scores of elbow and wrist decreased gradually over time in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups (P < 0.05), and the MAS scores of elbow was less in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups than in the sham rTMS group at follow-up (P < 0.05). The interaction of time and group was significant on the FMA-UE scores (F = 14.243, P < 0.001), and the FMA-UE scores improved more in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups than in the sham rTMS group at different stages (P < 0.01). The interaction of time and group was not significant in MBI score (F = 1.481, P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference among the three groups at any time (F < 2.925, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Both 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS can promote the recovery of upper limb motor function in ischemic stroke patients safely and effectively, and 10 Hz rTMS is recommended as less time is needed.
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Objective:To observe the effect of 3 Hz and 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on upper limb motor function and activities of daily living in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods:From June, 2016 to September, 2017, 60 inpatients with ischemic stroke were randomly divided into sham rTMS group (n = 19), 3 Hz-rTMS group (n = 21) and 10 Hz-rTMS group (n = 20). All the patients received routine training and their own rTMS for two weeks. Their rest motor threshold (RMT) was measured, and they were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment, and at six weeks follow-up. Results:There were 48 patients completing the trial, while five in 3 Hz-rTMS group, five in 10 Hz-rTMS group and two in the sham rTMS group dropped. The RMT increased in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups (t > 2.390, P < 0.05) after treatment, but there was no significantly difference among the three groups (F = 0.164, P > 0.05). The MAS scores of elbow and wrist decreased gradually over time in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups (P < 0.05), and the MAS scores of elbow was less in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups than in the sham rTMS group at follow-up (P < 0.05). The interaction of time and group was significant on the FMA-UE scores (F = 14.243, P < 0.001), and the FMA-UE scores improved more in 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS groups than in the sham rTMS group at different stages (P < 0.01). The interaction of time and group was not significant in MBI score (F = 1.481, P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference among the three groups at any time (F < 2.925, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Both 3 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS can promote the recovery of upper limb motor function in ischemic stroke patients safely and effectively, and 10 Hz rTMS is recommended as less time is needed.
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Objective·To evaluate clinical anesthetic effects of nalmefene hydrochloride in pediatric laryngeal mask anesthesia.Methods· Sixty pediatric patients who underwent short-time eye surgeries were randomly divided into nalmefene hydrochloride group (Group N) and the control group (Group C),30 patients each group.At the end of the surgeries,patients of Group N and Group C were respectively given nalmefene hydrochloride at 0.25 μg/kg and 0.9％ sodium chloride at the same volume intravenously.The situation of the patients' respiration recovery was recorded 1,2,3,4 and 5 minutes after administration,including the time on which the patients' respiration was recovered and their laryngeal masks were removed.The sedation scores (Ramsay scores) and the incidence of adverse postoperative responses were recorded after the removal of the laryngeal mask.Results· The 5-minute respiration recovery rate was high in Group N,where the 3-minute respiration recovery rate was 83.0％,while only 16.7％ in Group C.Besides,respiration recovery time [(3.17±0.78) min] and time for removing laryngeal mask [(4.10±0.95) min] in Group N were shorter than those of Group C (both P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in postoperative sedation scores between these two groups (P＞0.05).After removing laryngeal mask,the incidence of adverse responses was lower in Group N than that in Group C (P＜0.05).Conclusion· Nalmefene hydrochloride is effective in shortening respiration recovery time and laryngeal masks removing time,but makes no difference in patients' sedative effects,with lower incidence of adverse postoperative respiratory responses.
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@#Objective To observe the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on hand function in patients after stroke. Methods From June,2016 to September,2017,30 stroke patients were randomly divided into control group(n=30)and experimental group(n=30).Both groups received routine training after sham rTMS or 3 Hz rTMS.Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),modified Ashworth Scale(MAS)and modified Barthel Index(MBI)were used to evaluate the hand function and the activities of daily living before and after treatment. Results Finally 27 patients completed the experiment.After treatment, the FMA score increased in both groups (Z>2.070, P<0.05), and the difference value was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (Z=-2.296,P<0.05);the MAS score improved in the experimental group(Z=-2.456,P<0.05),no difference was found in the control group(Z=-0.816,P>0.05),and the difference value was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(Z=-2.792,P<0.01);the MBI score improved in both groups(t>3.085,P<0.01),howev-er,no difference was found in the MBI score and the difference value between two groups(t<0.246,P>0.05). Conclusion High-frequency rTMS could promote the hand function in patients after stroke.
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Undergraduate education started late in rehabilitation medicine in mainland China.At present,there are some shortcomings in current undergraduate education for rehabilitation medicine in mainland China,mainly due to the shortage of teachers,the poor pertinence of professional subjects,the broad and superficial knowledge,and the lack of close connection with the necessary professional knowledge of rehabilitation technologies.The Department of Rehabilitation in Taiwan starts its undergraduate education earlier.The curriculum has been sub-professionally oriented.Its subjects are highly targeted and detailed in content.At the same time,it emphasizes forward-looking education such as "statistics".In view of this,the mainland colleges and universities should standardize the undergraduate education of rehabilitation therapies,strengthen the training of professional teachers,pay attention to the cross-mutualism of theory and practice in the teaching plan,enrich the number of professional courses,the appropriate introduction of teaching methods of scientific research,standardize the teaching management system.
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Objective: To explore the onset features and prognosis in "migratory birds" population with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Hainan province. Methods: A total of 1246 patients diagnosed as coronary aretery disease and admitted in our Hospital during 2012-2015 were consecutively enrolled, including "Migratory birds" group (n=197) and Hainan group (n=58). Clinical information, risk factors, interventional strategies and in-hospital outcomes were recorded and compared. Results: The patients' age, histories of hypertension, diabetes, smoking and blood lipids were similar between 2 groups. In "Migratory birds" group, the average time from arriving Hainan to AMI onset was (3.15±2.67) days. Compared with Hainan group, "Migratory birds" group had the higher ratio of acute STEMI occurrence [70.56% (139/197) vs 51.72% (30/58), P=0.003], more patients with single+double coronary artery diseases (P=0.009), and thrombus aspiration (P=0.008); while less stent implantation, P=0.007. "Migratory birds" group also presented the higher ratios of cardiac shock after AMI (12.69%vs 3.45%, P=0.044), and cardiac shock+death (16.24% vs 3.45%, P=0.022). Conclusion: "Migratory birds" AMI patients had the higher ratios of acute STEMI, with more simple lesions and thrombus aspiration, they usually had poor prognosis.
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BACKGROUND: In recent years, the rapid development of medical and tissue engineering has provided more choices for making nerve conduit preparation. OBJECTIVE: To review the application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: The first author retrieved the CNKI and PubMed databases to search relevant articles published from 2010 to 2016. The key words were "nerve conduit, peripheral nerve" in Chinese and English, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The nerve conduit materials are mainly classified into biotype and non-biotype. Biotype materials mainly include muscle, amniotic membrane, vein and small intestinal submucosal layer. The non-biotype materials include chitosan, collagen, silk fibroin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyaniline and silicone tubes. Some materials currently have been approved to enter the clinical stage. There are more or less problems in the clinical application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. For example, the length of a defect that can be repaired is limited; the mechanical properties and mechanical properties are not exactly matched with nerve regeneration; the degradation rate is inconsistent with the rate of nerve regeneration; and poor biocompatibility exists.
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BACKGROUND: In recent years, the rapid development of medical and tissue engineering has provided more choices for making nerve conduit preparation. OBJECTIVE: To review the application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: The first author retrieved the CNKI and PubMed databases to search relevant articles published from 2010 to 2016. The key words were "nerve conduit, peripheral nerve" in Chinese and English, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The nerve conduit materials are mainly classified into biotype and non-biotype. Biotype materials mainly include muscle, amniotic membrane, vein and small intestinal submucosal layer. The non-biotype materials include chitosan, collagen, silk fibroin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyaniline and silicone tubes. Some materials currently have been approved to enter the clinical stage. There are more or less problems in the clinical application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. For example, the length of a defect that can be repaired is limited; the mechanical properties and mechanical properties are not exactly matched with nerve regeneration; the degradation rate is inconsistent with the rate of nerve regeneration; and poor biocompatibility exists.
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Objective To study the effects of the rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training on the hand function in patients after stroke. Methods From June, 2015 to September, 2016, 35 inpatients suffering from stroke were randomly allocated to control group (n=17) and trial group (n=18). Based on the routine rehabilitation, the trial group accepted robot-assisted task-oriented training, while the control group accepted therapist-assisted task-oriented training, for two weeks. They were measured the active range of motion (AROM) of fingers, assessed with fingers motor of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) invovled with hands before and after train-ing. Results The inpatients dropped three in the control group, two in the trial group. AROM of extension and flexion of all the fingers, the AROM of extension and total of three fingers of thumb, index and middle, and the total AROM of each finger improved in the trial group af-ter training (t>2.937, P2.528, P2.535, P2.000, P2.000, P0.05). The scores of feeding, dressing, toilet transfers, bathing, groom-ing of MBI and the total score of them improved in the trial group after training (Z>2.041, P0.05). Conclusion The rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training can improve AROM of hemiplegic fingers and grip function.
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In this study, 128 individuals form 14 Epimedium pubescens populations and 1 E. stellulatum population were analyzed by ISSR marker. The data were calculated by POPGENE software and clustered by UPGMA method. Optical microscope was used to observe the main types of the non-glandular hairs and their characteristics in each population. It is found that the following conclusions: Non-glandular hairs can be divided into five morphological categories, long straight pubescent, curly pubescent, appressed curly pubescent, pseudo short appressed hairs and long appressed. Eight primers were screening and a total of 94 bands were detected in ISSR, among which 90 were polymorphic bands. Based on the results of ISSR cluster analysis, 15 populations were divided into 3 clades. E. stellulatum populations should be incorporated into the E. pubescens or as avariety under E. pubescens not be independent and as it has no separate phylogenetic branch for a cluster. The genetic relationship among the populations of E. pubescens was closely related with its geographical distribution and non-glandular hair features. But there were also some inconsistency, which provided a good hint for the further study on the interspecific relationship and natural speciation manner of Epimedium species. Population diversity analysis showed Nm=0.354 4, Nei's=0.585 2. It was showed that E. pubescens has high genetic diversity among populations, for which the main reason was probably the high inbreeding rate and the small range of seed dispersal.
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<p><b>PURPOSE</b>This study aims to explore the biomechanical mechanism of lower limb injuries to the driver by establishing a finite element (FE) simulation model of collisions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>First a minibus FE model was integrated with a seat belt system. Then it was used to rebuild two collisions together with the total human model for safety (THUMS) provided by Toyota Motor Corporation: a rear-end collision between a minibus and a truck and a head-on collision of a minibus to a rigid wall. The impact velocities of both collisions were set at 56 km/h. The vehicle dynamic response, vehicle deceleration, and dashboard intrusion in the two collisions were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the minibus rear-end truck collision, the peak values of the von Mises equivalent stress at the tibia and the femur were 133 MPa and 126 MPa respectively; while in the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the data were 139 MPa and 99 MPa. Compared with the minibus head-on rigid wall collision, the vehicle deceleration was smaller and the dashboard intrusion was larger in the minibus rear-end truck collision.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results illustrate that a longer dashboard incursion distance corresponds to a higher von Mises equivalent stress at the femur. The simulation results are consistent with the driver's autopsy report on lower limbs injuries. These findings verify that FE simulation method is reliable and useful to analyze the mechanisms of lower limb injuries to the driver in minibus frontal collisions.</p>
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Humans , Accidents, Traffic , Automobile Driving , Biomechanical Phenomena , Finite Element Analysis , Lower Extremity , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the influencing factors of insulin resistance among children in the mountainous area. Methods One middle school and 2 primary schools in Longquan city were randomly selected,47 classes of schoolchildren aged 1 0 -1 5 years were selected.Weight,height,waist circumstance (WC),blood pressure,blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin (FINS),triglycerides (TG),high -density lipoprotein (HDL -C)and total cholesterol (TC)were determined.Influencing factors of insulin resistance were analyzed by univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 2 1 25 students were enrolled in this study.The 75th percentile of HOMA -IR was 2.59 respectively. The univariate analysis showed that HOMA -IR was significantly associated with HDL -C,TG,non HDL -C,BMI,WC, SBP,DBP and FPG (P <0.05).The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that WC (OR =1 .07,95%CI =1 .06 -1 .09),FPG (OR =2.29,95%CI =1 .78 -2.94),HDL -C (OR =0.34,95%CI =0.21 -0.56)and TG (OR =1 .43, 95%CI =1 .1 4 -1 .78)were the risk factors of insulin resistance.Conclusion WC,FPG,TG may be the risk factors of insulin resistance among children in the mountainous area,while HDL -C is the protective factor.
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@# Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation professional training. Methods Based on the 10 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong, the professionals from communitiy hospitals were trained. The scores of knowledge and practice tests were analyzed in 2 terms of training. Results The students performed better in the practice test (82.01±8.91) than knowledge (71.08±10.05) (P<0.01). The score of knowledge tests was better in the second term than the first (P<0.05), no difference between them in the score of practice test. Conclusion Rehabilitation professional training in Guangzhou can improve the ability of service of medical rehabilitation.